Week+8+Big+Ideas

What were the Big Ideas from the reading and class discussions?

Ch. 14 This chapter discusses how smoking effects periodontitis. It was interesting to know that gingival inflammation is not as present in smokers compared to non-smokers. However, destruction due to periodontal disease is more severe in smokers compared to non-smokers. This is due to an altered host-bacterial interaction. Ch. 17. The big idea of ch. 17 is that the extent and progression of periodontal disease is different for every individual based on the patient’s host-immune response. The presence of systemic disease can alter the degree and progression of periodontal disease. ES 34

In chapter 14, the authors talks about influence of smocking on formation and progression of periodontal diseases and effects of smoking on response to periodontal therapy. In chapter 17, the author explains how systemic disease such as endocrine and hematologic disorders, nutritional deficiency, immune deficiency and stress associated with development of periodontal disease.

Chp. 14 - Smokers are at a high risk for periodontal disease. Smokers have a decreased expression of clinical inflammation in the presence of plaque associated with alterations in the inflammatory response in smokers (decreased blood flow & oxygenation). The periodontium reacts significantly different than a nonsmoker in regards to periodontal destruction. Smokers express a qualitative alteration in plaque, resulting in a more aggressive response. Manifestations of the host-bacterial interaction may be caused by the alteration in the composition of the plaque, increased number and virulence of bacteria or a combination of both. Due to the prevalence and extent of destruction (increased pocket depth, attachment loss, bone loss) periodontal disease is more severe in smokers and have less success with non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment than a nonsmoker. Chp. 17 Systemic disorders and stress alter the immune response and the individuals ability to combat pathogens (in particular more aggressive forms of pathogens), as well as some conditions have an exaggerated response to plaque biofilm. The host respons plays a major role in periodontal disease progression and prognosis; it also requires treatment modifications in order to address risk factors that systemic disorders present. -ACS #35

Ch. 14: Smoking reduces the clinical signs of inflammation (because of decreased blood/oxygen flow to tissues) but increases the likelihood and rate of prgression for periodontal disease. Ceasing to smoke significantly lowers the chances for getting periodontal disease over time, although the chance is still higher than that of non-smokers. The chapter also mentioned that smokers are less receptive to nonsurgical and surgical therapy and are more likely to experience refractive periodontal disease after initial treatment.Ch. 17: There are many effects of systemic health on periodontal health. The chapter mentioned systemic health associated with endocrine and hormone changes, blood and immune system disorders, stress, and nutrition as well as a few others. One area the chapter talked about was a variety of changes in the periodontium associated with femal hormones that alter during pregnancy, puberty, and mesntruation. These hormones can make the gingiva more sensitive and more inflamed, with increased bleeding or edema.

CH 14: Smoking has a great effect on the prevalence and extent of existing periodontal disease. Studies have showed that although the inflammation due to plaque decreases with smokers, the attachment, bone level, and pocket depths are more extensive. CH 17: The host response varies in different people. People who have systemic conditions are more susceptible to periodontal disease because some conditions or disorders can alter the host immune response. This causes existing periodontal disease to worsen.

The Big idea in ch. 14 is the effects of smoking on the periodontium. although smoking may decrease plaque accumilation and bleeding on probing, smoking increases the risk for periodontal disease and decreases wound helaing.The big ideas in ch. 17 are how the periodontium is effected by disorders and stress such as endocrine disorders, hormones, hematologic disorders, immune deficiencies, stress and psychosomatic disorders, nutrition deficiencies as well as other conditions such as CHD and metal intoxications. All these effect the periodontium and we need to be aware of these. The Big Idea for chapter 14 is that smoking is a major risk factor for the development of periodontitis. The impact of smoking varies on the age and the amount of cigarretes consume daily by individuals. The severity and prevalance of tissue destruction increases as well as pocket depths, attachment loss and bone loss as an effect of smoking. Ch.17- Certain systemic disorders and conditions alter the individuals host response often imparing the host barriers of integrety and defense allowing the susceptability for infection and periodontitis. Chapter 14-smoking is a risk factor for periodontitis and effects the progression of the disease and degree. Chapter 17- Systemic diseases as a risk factor for periodontal disease and the bacteria associated with it. Ch.14 This chapter is about smoking and the effect it has on the periodontium in relation to periodontal disease and the microrganisms that are involved.Ch.15 This chapter is about systemic periodontal diseases and the microrganisms that are associated with it.

Chapter 14: This chapter discussed the negative affects smoking has on oral health and impacts treatment and healing when treating periodontitist and gingivitis. Chapter 17: The etiology of most oral disease manifestations are bacterial in nature. However, the specific host response plays a huge role in how the bacteria is about to damage tissue and the extent of the disease.

--- Ch 14 Smoking decreases gingival inflammation that can hide the signs of periodontitis, smoking also has a higher of periodontal destruction than in individuals that do not smoke. CH 17 Host immune response to periodontitis and gingivitis can explain why the disease may be more sever in one person than in another. Although systemic diseases may modify or increase the severity of perio and gingivitis the disease does not cause gum disease.

Ch.14-Smoking has a negative effect on oral health including gingivitis, periodontitis, and delays healing which causes complications with surgery and maintence therapy. Ch.17-Systemic diseases and conditions effect the periodontium and can be risk factors, also the host response plays a big role in how an individual responds to bacteria and can alter the response causing destruction. AS36

Chapter14: Discusses how smoking is a major risk factor in the prevalence and severity of periodontal destruction. Studies show that smokers do not respond as well to periodontal therapy as well as nonsmokers and have a higher risk of refractory disease. Chapter 17: Systemic diseases and conditions have the ability to increase the severity of periodontal disease and the host response can also worsen systemic conditions when periodontal disease is active.