Genetic+Factors+Associated+with+Periodontal+Disease

Genetic Factors Associated with Periodontal Disease  **Agressive periodontits** can be an inherited or gentetic disorer. Gene mutations can affect the risk for AP. Mutant alleles can effect the function of phagocytis immune cells which affects the connective tissue, epithelial, and teeth. Hypophosphatasia which leads to the loss of primary and often permanent teeth, has both autosomal dominant and reccesive forms. Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome is an autosomal reccesive disorder characterized by AP. The periodontal destruction in these patients can stop when getting rid of A. a. Therefore, AP is not a result of gene mutation. It is a bacterial infection in a highly susceptible host. Patients with inherited deficiencies in leukocyte adhesion molecules are at high risk for AP disease.

** Chronic Periodontits ** is known to differ among race. It is seen more in African Americans than any other race. Although environmental factors can be a contributing factor, genetic makeup of race may be a result. In twin studies it was found that family environment had no influence on periodontal disease rather oral hygiene practices that are learned within the environment. Oral bacteria can be transmitted within families. Host genes may influence initial bacterial colonizations, but does not persist into adulthood.

"The role of host genes in the eitiology and pathogenesis of the periodontal diseases is just beggining to be understood". Gene tests can be useful in determining patients that are most likely to develop the disease. Identifying genetic risk factors can help clinicians better prevent disease and predict treatment outcomes of patients.